Intel Xeon
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Links
- https://wccftech.com/intel-next-gen-arrow-lake-lunar-lake-nova-lake-cpus-rumored-to-succeed-meteor-lake/
- https://wccftech.com/intels-next-gen-nova-lake-cpu-core-configurations-rumored-to-feature-double-the-p-cores-e-cores-up-to-16-p-32-e-cores/
- https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/cpuid • https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/amd/cpuid
- https://llvm.org/doxygen/Host_8cpp_source.html
Family
- Alder Lake (Golden Cove/Gracemont) Q4'21 / Q1'22 - predicted to be competitively weak vs AMD/Apple offerings that time.
- Raptor Lake (Raptor Cove/Gracemont) Q3'22/Q4'22 - 10% CPU perf boost and 8/16 configuration puts intel back on par but expect
- Meteor Lake (Redwood Cove/Crestmont) Q2'23 - Intel's first true chiplet or tile-based design. Different dies built on TSMC/Intel processes.
- More of a node shrink with single-digit performance improvements. AMD will again extend the lead with Zen 4+ / 5.
- Arrow Lake (Lion Cove/Skymont) Q4'23 - Will feature an updated compute tile with 8/32 config for the high end enthusiast products.
- Might achieve parity with AMD offerings at the time but loses out to Apple in power efficiency.
- Lunar Lake (Lion Cove/Skymont) Q4'24 - This is the product that will use TSMC 3nm as reported by Nikkei.
- Big performance jump expected and designed to achieve parity or beat AMD and Apple in both performance and power efficiency.
- Nova Lake (Panther Cove [tentative]/Darkmont) 2025 - This will mark the biggest architectural change in CPU architecture
- since the Core architecture is introduced in 2006. Intel is working to build entirely new architecture from the ground up much
- like Ryzen with up to 50% CPU performance improvement from the lunar lake. This is also the reason why Glenn Hinton returned.
Intel Mainstream CPU Generations Comparison:
| Intel CPU Family |
Processor Process |
Processor Architecture |
Graphics Architecture |
Processors Cores/Threads |
Platform | Memory Support | PCIe Support | Launch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alder Lake (12th Gen) |
Intel 7 | Golden Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 16/24 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2021 |
| Raptor Lake (13th Gen) |
Intel 7 | Raptor Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 24/32 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2022 |
| Raptor Lake Refresh (14th Gen) |
Intel 7 | Raptor Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 24/32 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2023 |
| Meteor Lake | Intel 4 | Redwood Cove (P-Core) Crestmont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | 22/28 | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2024 |
| Arrow Lake (Core Ultra 200) |
TSMC N3B | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | 24/24 | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2024 |
| Arrow Lake Refresh (TBD) |
TSMC N3B ? | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | 24/24 | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2025 |
| Lunar Lake | Intel 18A | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe2 (Battlemage) | 8/8 ? | LGA 1851 ? | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 ? | 2024 |
| Panther Lake (TBA) |
Intel 18A | Cougar Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe3 (Celestial) | TBD | LGA 1851 ? | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 6.0 ? | 2025 |
| Nova Lake (Core Ultra 400?) |
TBA | Coyote Cove (P-Core) Arctic Wolf (E-Core) |
TBA | 52/52 ? | TBA | DDR5 ? | PCIe Gen 6.0 ? | 2026 |
| Razer Lake (Core Ultra 500?) |
TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | 2027 ? |
- CPU ID
Microarchitecture Core Extended Family Family Extended Model Model Family • Model Nova Lake (2026) H, P, U 0 0x6 0xC 0xD ? ? Panther Lake (2025) Cougar Cove P, Crestmont E, U/H 0 0x6 0xC 0xC Family 6 Model 204 ? CC Lunar Lake (2024) Lion Cove P, Skymont E 0 0x6 0xB 0xD Family 6 Model 189 ? BD Arrow Lake (2024) S 0 0x6 0xC 0x6 Family 6 Model 198 ? C6 Lion Cove P, Skymont E 0 0x6 0xC 0x5 Family 6 Model 197 ? C5 U 0 0x6 0xB 0x5 Family 6 Model 181 ? B5 Meteor Lake (2023) Redwood Cove P, Crestmont E 0 0x6 0xA 0xC Family 6 Model 172 ? AC Redwood Cove P, Crestmont E 0 0x6 0xA 0xA Family 6 Model 170 ? AA Raptor Lake (2022) Raptor Cove U, H ? Gracemont E 0 0x6 0xB 0xF/0xE Family 6 Model 191 ?/190 ? Raptor Cove P 0 0x6 0xB 0xA Family 6 Model 186 Raptor Cove S, Gracemont E 0 0x6 0xB 0x7 Family 6 Model 183 Rocket Lake (2021) Cypress Cove S 0 0x6 0xA 0x7 Family 6 Model 167 Comet Lake (2020) U 0 0x6 0xA 0x6 Family 6 Model 166 ? S, H 0 0x6 0xA 0x5 Family 6 Model 165 Alder Lake (2021) Golden Cove P 0 0x6 0x9 0xA Family 6 Model 154 Alder Lake S, Gracemont E 0 0x6 0x9 0x7 Family 6 Model 151 Microarchitecture Core Extended Family Family Extended Model Model Family • Model Clearwater Forest (2025) ? 0 0x6 0xD 0xD Family 6 Model 221 Sierra Forest (2024) Crestmont SP 0 0x6 0xA 0xF Family 6 Model 175 Granite Rapids (2024) Redwood Cove D 0 0x6 0xA 0xE Family 6 Model 174 Redwood Cove 0 0x6 0xA 0xD Family 6 Model 173 Emerald Rapids (2023) Golden Cove 0 0x6 0xC 0xF Family 6 Model 207 Sapphire Rapids (2023) Golden Cove SP 0 0x6 0x8 0xF Family 6 Model 143 Ice Lake (Server) DE 0 0x6 0x6 0xC Family 6 Model 108 SP 0 0x6 0x6 0xA Family 6 Model 106
Intel CPU
- Family
- Intel Atom • Atom x3 • Atom x5 • Atom x7
- Intel Celeron • Celeron Dual Core • Celeron D • Celeron M
- Intel Core • Core M • Core X • Core Solo • Core Duo
- • Core 2 Solo • Core 2 Duo • Core 2 Quad • Core 2 Extreme
- • Core i3 • Core i5 • Core i7 (EE) • Core i9
- • Core Ultra • Core Ultra 3 • Core Ultra 5 • Core Ultra 7
- Intel XScale (PXA) • Intel Quark • Itanium • Itanium 2
- Intel Pentium • Pentium (2009) • Pentium Gold • Pentium Silver
- • Pentium D • Pentium EE • Pentium M • Pentium MMX • Pentium Pro
- • Pentium II • Pentium II Mobile • Pentium II Xeon • Pentium OverDrive
- • Pentium III • Pentium III Mobile • Pentium III Xeon • Pentium 4 (-M/EE)
- Intel Xeon • Xeon D • Xeon E • Xeon E3 • Xeon E5 • Xeon E7 • Xeon W • Xeon Phi
- • Xeon Bronze • Xeon Silver • Xeon Gold • Xeon Platinum • Xeon Scalable
Intel Atom
- Microarchitectures
| µarch | Cores | T/T | Process | Intro Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bonnell | Diamondville (N2xx), Silverthorne (Z5xx) |
Tick | 45 nm | 2008 |
| Lincroft (Z6xx), Groveland, Pineview, Stellarton, Sodaville, Tunnel Creek |
Tock | 2010 | ||
| Saltwell | Clover Trail, Cedar Trail | Tick | 32 nm | 2011 |
| Silvermont | Bay Trail (x3-C3xx) | Tick | 22 nm | 2013 |
| Airmont | Braswell (x5-E8xxx), Cherry Trail (x5-Z, x7-Z) |
Tock | 14 nm | 2015 |
| Goldmont | Apollo Lake (x5-E3xxx, x7-E3xxx) | Tick | 2016 |
Timeline
| Fabri- cation process |
Micro- archi- tecture |
Release date |
Processors / SoCs | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MID, smartphone | Tablet | Netbook | Nettop | Embedded | Server | CE | ||||
| 45 nm | Bonnell | 2008 | Silverthorne | — | Diamondville | Tunnel Creek, Stellarton |
— | Sodaville (SoC) | ||
| 2010 | Lincroft | Pineview | — | Groveland (SoC) | ||||||
| 32 nm | Saltwell | 2011 | Medfield (Penwell & Lexington), Clover Trail+ (Cloverview) |
Clover Trail (Cloverview) |
Cedar Trail (Cedarview) |
— | Centerton & Briarwood |
Berryville (SoC) | ||
| 22 nm | Silvermont | 2013 | Merrifield (Tangier), Slayton, Moorefield (Anniedale) |
Bay Trail-T (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-M (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-D (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-I (Valleyview) |
Avoton | Rangeley (commu- nication) | |
| 14 nm | Airmont | 2014 | Binghamton & Riverton |
Cherry Trail-T (Cherryview) |
Braswell | Denverton (Cancelled) |
— | |||
| Goldmont | 2016 | Broxton (Cancelled) |
Willow Trail (Cancelled) Apollo Lake |
Apollo Lake | Denverton | — | ||||
| Goldmont Plus | 2017 | — | — | Gemini Lake Gemini Lake Refresh |
— | — | ||||
| 10 nm | Tremont | 2020 | — | Lakefield (hybrid) |
Lakefield (hybrid) Elkhart Lake Jasper Lake |
Jacobsville Parker Ridge Snow Ridge |
— | |||
| Intel 7 nm | Gracemont | 2021 | — | — | Alder Lake (hybrid) Alder Lake S (N/P/M) Raptor Lake (S) (hybrid) Twin Lake |
— | — | |||
| Intel 4 nm | Crestmont | 2023 | — | — | Meteor Lake (hybrid) | Grand Ridge | — | |||
| TSMC N6 | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| Intel 3 nm | 2024 | — | — | -- | Sierra Forest | — | ||||
| TSMC N3B |
Skymont | 2024 | — | — | Lunar Lake (hybrid) | — | — | |||
| — | — | Arrow Lake (hybrid) | — | — | ||||||
| Intel 18A | Darkmont | 2025 | — | — | Clearwater Forest | — | ||||
S-spec
| Expand • Intel Atom S-spec • >> |
|---|
Intel Celeron
Timeline
| Based on | Desktop | Laptop | Embedded | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code-named | Core | Date released | Code-named | Core | Date released | Code-named | Core | Date released | |
| Intel P6 | Covington Mendocino Coppermine-128 Tualatin-256 |
(250 nm) (250 nm) (180 nm) (130 nm) |
1998 1998–2000 2000–2001 2002 |
Mendocino Coppermine-128 Coppermine T Tualatin-256 |
(250 nm) (180 nm) (180 nm) (130 nm) |
1999 2000–2001 2001 2002–2003 |
|||
| NetBurst | Willamette-128 Northwood-128 |
(180 nm) (130 nm) |
2002 2002–2003 |
Northwood-256 |
(130 nm) |
2002–2003 | |||
| Intel Pentium M (Celeron M) Modified Pentium M |
Banias-512 Dothan-512 Dothan-1024 Yonah-512 Yonah-1024 Sossaman |
(130 nm) (90 nm) (90 nm) (65 nm) (65 nm) (65 nm) |
2004 2004–2007 2004–2005 2007 2006 2006–2007 | ||||||
| NetBurst (Celeron D) |
Prescott-256 Cedar Mill-512 |
(90 nm) (65 nm) |
2004–2005 2006–2007 |
||||||
| Intel Core (Single) |
Conroe-L Conroe-CL |
(65 nm) (65 nm) |
2007–2008 200? | ||||||
| Intel Core (Dual) |
Allendale Wolfdale-3M |
(65 nm) (45 nm) |
2008–2009 2009–2010 | ||||||
| Intel Core (Celeron / Celeron M) |
Merom Merom-L Merom-2M Merom-L (ULV) |
(65 nm) (65 nm) (65 nm) |
2007–2008 2008 2007 2009 | ||||||
| Intel Core (Celeron Dual) |
Merom-2M Penryn-3M |
(65 nm) (45 nm) |
2008 2009–2010 | ||||||
| Westmere (Nehalem) |
Clarkdale | (32 nm) | 2010 | Arrandale | 2 (32 nm) | 2010–2011 | |||
| Jasper Forest | Single (45 nm) | ||||||||
| Intel Atom | |||||||||
| Silvermont | Bay Trail | 2/4 (22 nm) | Oct 2013 | Bay Trail-M | 2/4 (22 nm) | Bay Trail-M | 2/4 (22 nm) | ||
| Airmont | Braswell | 2/4 (14 nm) | Mar 2015 | Braswell | 2/4 (14 nm) | Braswell | 2/4 (14 nm) | ||
| Goldmont | Apollo Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | Apr 2016 | Apollo Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | Apollo Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | ||
| Goldmont Plus | Gemini Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | Dec 2017 | Gemini Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | Gemini Lake | 2/4 (14 nm) | ||
| Tremont | Jasper Lake | 2/4 (10 nm) | Jan 2021 | Jasper Lake | 2/4 (10 nm)) | Jasper Lake | 2 (10 nm) | ||
S-spec
| Expand • Intel Celeron S-spec • >> |
|---|
Intel Core
Intel Core Lines
| Fab process |
Micro- architecture |
Code names |
Core Gen |
Scalable (Xeon) Gen |
Release date |
Processors | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile | Desktop | Enthusiast/ Workstation |
1P/2P Server |
4P/8P Server | ||||||
| 180 nm | NetBurst | Willamette | — | 2000-11 | — | Willamette | — | Foster | Foster MP | |
| 130 nm 90 nm |
Northwood Prescott |
2002-01 | Northwood Mobile |
Northwood Prescott |
Northwood-XE Prescott 2M-XE |
Prestonia Gallatin |
Gallatin | |||
| 130 nm 90 nm 90 nm 65 nm |
Pentium M . . Pentium D |
Banias Dothan Smithfield Presler |
2004-02 | Banias Dothan |
. . Smithfield Presler |
. . Smithfield-XE Presler-XE |
Nocona Irwindale Paxville |
Potomac Cranford Paxville | ||
| 65 nm | Modified Pentium M |
Yonah Cedar Mill |
Core 1 (Yonah) |
— | 2006-01 | Yonah | Cedar Mill | - | Dempsey Sossaman |
Xeon "Tulsa" (65 nm) |
| Intel Core | Merom | Core 2 | 2006-07 | Merom Merom-L |
Conroe | Kentsfield | Woodcrest Clovertown |
Tigerton | ||
| 45 nm | Penryn | 2007-11 | Penryn | Wolfdale | Yorkfield | Harpertown | Dunnington | |||
| Nehalem | Nehalem | Core 1 (Core i) |
2008-11 | Clarksfield | Lynnfield | Bloomfield | Gainestown | Beckton | ||
| 32 nm | Westmere | 2010-01 | Arrandale | Clarkdale | Gulftown | Westmere-EP | Westmere-EX | |||
| Sandy Bridge | Sandy Bridge | Core 2 | 2011-01 | Sandy Bridge M | Sandy Bridge | Sandy Bridge E | Sandy Bridge-EP | — | ||
| 22 nm | Ivy Bridge | Core 3 | 2012-04 | Ivy Bridge M | Ivy Bridge | Ivy Bridge E | Ivy Bridge-EP | Ivy Bridge-EX | ||
| Haswell | Haswell | Core 4 | 2013-06 | Haswell-H Haswell-MB Haswell-ULP Haswell-ULX |
Haswell-DT | Haswell-E | Haswell-EP | Haswell-EX | ||
| Devil's Canyon | 2014-06 | — | Haswell-DT | — | ||||||
| 14 nm | Broadwell | Broadwell | Core 5 | 2014-09 | Broadwell-H Broadwell-U Broadwell-Y |
Broadwell-DT | Broadwell-E | Broadwell-EP | Broadwell-EX | |
| Skylake | Skylake | Core 6 | Xeon 1 | 2015-08 | Skylake H Skylake U Skylake Y |
Skylake S | Skylake W Skylake X |
Skylake SP (formerly Skylake-EP/EX) (Xeon Gold, Platinum) | ||
| Kaby Lake | Kaby Lake | Core 7 / 8 |
— | 2016-10 | Kaby Lake G Kaby Lake H Kaby Lake U Kaby Lake Y |
Kaby Lake S | Kaby Lake X | — | ||
| Coffee Lake | Coffee Lake | Core 8 / 9 |
2017-10 | Coffee Lake B Coffee Lake H Coffee Lake U |
Coffee Lake S | Coffee Lake W | Coffee Lake (Xeon E) |
— | ||
| Whiskey Lake | Whiskey Lake | Core 8 . |
2018-08 | Whiskey Lake U | — | — | ||||
| Amber Lake | Amber Lake | Core 8 / 10 |
Amber Lake Y | |||||||
| Cascade Lake | Cascade Lake | — | Xeon 2 | 2019-04 | — | Cascade Lake W Cascade Lake X |
Cascade Lake AP Cascade Lake SP | |||
| Comet Lake | Comet Lake | Core 10 | — | 2019-09 | Comet Lake H Comet Lake Y Comet Lake U |
Comet Lake S | Comet Lake W | — | ||
| Cooper Lake | Cooper Lake | — | Xeon 3 | 2020-06 | — | Cooper Lake SP . | ||||
| Rocket Lake | Cypress Cove | Core 11 | — | 2021-03 | — | Rocket Lake SP | Rocket Lake W | Rocket Lake (Xeon E) |
— | |
| 10 nm | Cannon Lake | Palm Cove | Core 8 | 2018-05 | Cannon Lake U . |
— | — | |||
| Ice Lake (client) (server) |
Sunny Cove . . . + 4x Tremont |
Core 10 | Xeon 3 | 2019-09 (client) 2021-04 (server) |
Ice Lake U Ice Lake Y |
— | Ice Lake W | Ice Lake SP | — | |
| Lakefield (hybrid) |
— | — | 2020-06 | Lakefield (Foveros) |
— | |||||
| Tiger Lake | Willow Cove | Core 11 | 2020-09 | Tiger Lake-H Tiger Lake-H35 Tiger Lake-UP3 Tiger Lake-UP4 |
— | |||||
| Intel 7 nm | Alder Lake (hybrid) |
Golden Cove (P) Gracemont (E) |
Core 12 | 2021-11 | Alder Lake-H Alder Lake-HX Alder Lake-U Alder Lake M |
Alder Lake S | Alder Lake P | — | ||
| Sapphire Rapids |
— | Xeon 4 | 2023-01 | — | Sapphire Rapids-WS |
Sapphire Rapids-SP/HBM (Xeon Max) |
Sapphire Rapids-SP | |||
| Raptor Lake (hybrid) |
Raptor Cove (P) Gracemont (E) |
13 / 14 Series 1 / 2 |
— | 2022-10 | Raptor Lake-HX Raptor Lake-PX Raptor Lake U |
Raptor Lake S | Raptor Lake H Raptor Lake P |
Raptor Lake (Xeon E) |
— | |
| Emerald Rapids |
— | Xeon 5 | 2023-12 | — | Emerald Rapids-SP | |||||
| Intel 4 nm | Meteor Lake (hybrid) |
Redwood Cove (P) Crestmont (E) |
Ultra Series 1 |
— | 2023-12 | Meteor Lake-H Meteor Lake-U |
— | — | ||
| Intel 3 nm | Granite Rapids |
— | Xeon 6 | 2024-09 | — | Granite Rapids-AP Granite Rapids-SP |
— | |||
| TSMC N3B | Lunar Lake (hybrid) |
Lion Cove (P) Skymont (E) |
Ultra 200V |
— | 2024-09 | Lunar Lake-V | — | — | ||
| Arrow Lake (hybrid) |
Ultra Series 2 |
2024-10 (desktop) 2025-01 (mobile) |
Arrow Lake-H Arrow Lake-HX Arrow Lake-U |
Arrow Lake-S | — | — | ||||
| Intel 18A | Panther Lake (hybrid) |
Cougar Cove (P) Darkmont (E) |
Ultra 300 |
2025 | Panther Lake-H Panther Lake-HL Panther Lake-U Panther Lake-UL |
? | — | — | ||
| Diamond Rapids |
Panther Cove X |
— | ? | 2025 | — | — | — | |||
| TBA (TSMC 2 nm or Intel 18A) |
Nova Lake (hybrid) |
Coyote Cove | Ultra 400? |
— | 2026 | — | TBA | TBA | — | — |
| Razer Lake (hybrid) |
Ultra 500? |
— | 2027 | — | TBA | TBA | — | — | ||
S-spec
| Expand • S-spec • >> |
|---|
Intel Pentium
Timeline
- Below is the timeline based on introductory date.
- Frequency represents the maximum frequency offered.
| Date | Proccessor | Architecture | Socket | Fab | Frequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | Intel Pentium (1992) |
P5 | Socket 4 / 5 / 7 | 800 nm 600 nm 350 nm |
133/166 200 MHz |
| 1995 | |||||
| Pentium OverDrive | P5 | Socket 2 / 3 Socket 4 / 5 / 7 |
600 nm | 133/166 200 MHz | |
| Intel Pentium Pro | P6 | Socket 8 | 600 nm 350 nm |
133/166 200 MHz | |
| 1996 | Intel Pentium MMX | P5 | Socket 7 | 350 nm | 233 MHz |
| 1997 | Pentium OverDrive MMX | Socket 5 / 7 | 200 MHz | ||
| Intel Pentium II | P6 | Slot 1, MMC-1 / 2 Mini-Cartridge (PPGA-B615) |
350 nm 250 nm |
233/266 300/333 366/400 450 MHz | |
| 1998 | Pentium II Xeon | Slot 2 | 250 nm | ||
| Pentium II Overdrive | Socket 8 | 333 MHz | |||
| 1999 | Pentium II Mobile | MMC-1 / 2 | 350 nm 250 nm |
400 MHz | |
| Intel Pentium III | Slot 1 Socket 370 / 479 |
250 nm 130 nm |
1400 MHz | ||
| Pentium III Xeon | Slot 2 | 1000 MHz | |||
| Pentium III Mobile | Socket 495 (BGA) | 180 nm | |||
| 2000 | Intel Pentium 4 | Netburst | Socket 423 | 180 nm 65 nm |
3800 MHz |
| 2001 | Pentium III M | P6 | Socket 479 (BGA) | 130 nm | 1330 MHz |
| 2003 | Intel Pentium M | P6 | Socket 479 | 130 nm 90 nm |
2260 MHz |
| Pentium 4 EE (Extreme Edition) |
Netburst | Socket 478 LGA 775 |
3730 MHz | ||
| 2005 | Intel Pentium D | Netburst | LGA 775 | 90 nm 65 nm |
3730 MHz |
| Pentium EE (Extreme Edition) | |||||
| 2006 | Intel Pentium Dual-Core |
Intel Core | LGA 775 Socket M / P |
65 nm 45 nm |
2600 MHz |
| 2009 | Intel Pentium (2009) |
LGA 775 | 45 nm | 2600 MHz |
Specifications
- 45 nm
| Fab / Manuf |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Type |
| Wafer |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell (HD) |
| SRAM bit cell (LP) |
| DRAM bit cell |
| Intel | Fujitsu | TI | Toshiba / Sony / NEC |
Samsung | IBM / Toshiba / Sony / AMD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1266 (CPU) / P1269 / P1266.8 (SoC) |
CS-300 | 11LP | |||||||||
| 2006 | 2008 | 2008 | 2006 | 2007 | 2007 | ||||||
| Bulk | PDSOI | ||||||||||
| 300mm | |||||||||||
| Value | 65 nm Δ | Value | 65 nm Δ | Value | 65 nm Δ | Value | 65 nm Δ | Value | 65 nm Δ | Value | 65 nm Δ |
| 180 nm | 0.82x | 190 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 180 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 190 nm | 0.76x |
| 160 nm | 0.76x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x |
| 0.346 µm² | 0.61x | 0.225 µm² | ?x | 0.255 µm² | ?x | 0.248 µm² | ?x | 0.29 µm² | 0.54x | 0.370 µm² | 0.57x |
| 0.3816 µm² | 0.56x | 0.359 µm² | 0.53x | ||||||||
| 0.11 µm² | 0.58x | 0.067 µm² | 0.53x | ||||||||
- 65 nm
| Fab / Manuf |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Wafer |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell (HD) |
| SRAM bit cell (LP) |
| DRAM bit cell |
| Intel | IBM / Toshiba / Sony / AMD |
TI | IBM / Chartered / Infineon / Samsung |
TSMC | Fujitsu | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1264 | CS-200 / CS-201 / CS-250 | ||||||||||
| 2005 | 2005 | 2007 | 2005 | 2005 | 2006 | ||||||
| 300mm | |||||||||||
| 8 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11 | |||||||
| Value | 90 nm Δ | Value | 90 nm Δ | Value | 90 nm Δ | Value | 90 nm Δ | Value | 90 nm Δ | Value | 90 nm Δ |
| 220 nm | 0.85x | 250 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 200 nm | 0.82x | 160 nm | 0.67x | ? nm | ?x |
| 210 nm | 0.95x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 180 nm | 0.73 | 180 nm | 0.75x | ? nm | ?x |
| 0.570 µm² | 0.57x | 0.540 µm² | 0.49 µm² | 0.540 µm² | 0.55x | 0.499 µm² | 0.50x | ||||
| 0.680 µm² | 0.65 µm² | 0.65x | 0.49 µm² | 0.676 µm² | 0.54x | 0.525 µm² | 0.53x | ? µm² | ?x | ||
| 0.127 µm² | 0.67x | 0.189 µm² | 0.69x | ||||||||
- 90 nm
| Fab / Manuf |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Type |
| Wafer |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell |
| DRAM bit cell |
| Intel | TSMC | Samsung | Fujitsu | IBM / Toshiba / Sony / AMD |
Motorola | TI | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1262 | CS-100 / CS-101 | HiPerMOS 8 | |||||||||||
| 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | |||||||
| Bulk | PDSOI | Bulk | |||||||||||
| 300mm | |||||||||||||
| 7 | 10 | 9 | |||||||||||
| Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ | Value | 130 nm Δ |
| 260 nm | 0.82x | 240 nm | 0.77x | 245 nm | 0.70x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x . |
| 220 nm | 0.63x | 240 nm | 0.71x | 245 nm | 0.70x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x . |
| 1.0 µm² | 0.50x | 0.999 µm² |
0.47x | 0.999 µm² |
?x | 1.07 µm² | 0.54x | 0.999 µm² |
?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x |
| 0.275 µm² |
0.19 µm² | ?x | |||||||||||
- 130 nm
| Fab |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Type |
| Wafer |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell (HP) |
| SRAM bit cell (HD) |
| Intel | TSMC | Samsung | Fujitsu | IBM / Infineon / UMC | Motorola | AMD | NEC | NEC | TI | TI | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P860 | CS-91 | CMOS 9S | HiPerMOS 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2001 | 2001 | 2001 | 2002 | 2001 | 2001 | 2002 | 2001 | 2001 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
| Bulk | PDSOI | Bulk | |||||||||||||||||||
| 200 mm | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
| Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ | Value | 180 nm Δ |
| 319 nm | 0.66x | 310 nm | 0.72x | 350 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 320 nm | 0.76x | 350 nm | ?x | 350 nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x |
| 345 nm | 0.69x | 340 nm | 0.74x | 350 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 320 nm | 0.73x | 350 nm | ?x | 350 nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x | ?nm | ?x |
| 2.45 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x |
| 2.09 µm² | 0.36x | 2.14 µm² | 0.46x | ? µm² | ?x | 1.98 µm² | 0.47x | 1.8 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x |
- 180 nm
| Fab |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Wafer |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell |
| Intel | Fujitsu | TSMC | Motorola | IBM | NEC | Samsung | TI | TI | AMD | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P858 | CS-80 | HiPerMOS 6 | CMOS-8S3 | C07a | GS30 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 1998 | 2000 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | |||||||||||||
| 200 mm | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 220 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | ||
| 480 nm | 0.96x | ? nm | ?x | 430 nm | 0.67x | ? nm | ?x | 420 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ||
| 500 nm | 0.82x | ? nm | ?x | 460 nm | 0.72x | ? nm | ?x | 440 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ||
| 5.59 µm2 | 0.54x | 4.18 µm2 | ?x | 4.65 µm2 | 0.62x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ? µm2 | ?x | ||
- 250 nm
| Fab |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Wafer |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell |
| Intel | IBM | AMD | TI | DEC | IDT | Fujitsu | TSMC | Samsung | Toshiba | Motorola | NEC | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P856 | P856.5 | CMOS-6X | CS-44/CS44E(-Mod) | C07 | CMOS-7 | CMOS-10+ | CS-70 | HiPerMOS 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| 1997 | 1998 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | ? | ? | ? | ? | 1998 | 1998 | 1997 | ||||||||||||||
| 200 mm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 250 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ | Value | 350 nm Δ |
| 500 nm | 0.91x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 640 nm | 0.8x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x |
| 640 nm | 0.72x | ? nm | ?x | 700 nm | ?x | 880 nm | ?x | 850 nm | ?x | 840 nm | ?x | 940 nm | ?x | 900 nm | ?x | 640 nm | 0.67x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x |
| 10.26 µm² | 0.57x | 9.26 µm² | 0.90x | 8.6 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | 10.5 µm² | ?x | 11.5 µm² | ?x | 11.2 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | 7.56 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | 12.77 µm² | ?x |
- 350 nm
| Fab |
|---|
| Process Name |
| 1st Production |
| Voltage |
| Metal Layers |
| |
| Gate Oxide |
| Contacted Gate Pitch |
| Interconnect Pitch (M1P) |
| SRAM bit cell |
| Intel | IBM | AMD | AMD | DEC | Fujitsu | IDT | NEC | TI | Motorola | Hitachi | Планар [1] | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P854 | CS-34 | CS-34EX | CMOS-6 | CS-60 | HiPerMOS 2 | КМОП 0.35 | |||||||||||||||||
| 1994 | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 | 1996 | 1996 | 1995 | 1997 | 1996 | 1997 | ||||||||||||||
| 3.3 V | 3.3V, 5V | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 500 nm Δ | Value | 600 nm Δ |
| 6.5 nm | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 550 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x |
| 880 nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | ? nm | ?x | 750 nm | ?x |
| 18.1 µm² | 0.41x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | 21.67 µm² | ?x | ? µm² | ?x | 18 µm² | ?x |
Design Rules
| Intel 130nm Design Rules | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Layer | Pitch | Thick | Aspect Ratio |
| Isolation | 345 nm | 450 nm | - |
| Polysilicon | 319 nm | 160 nm | - |
| Metal 1 | 293 nm | 280 nm | 1.7 |
| Metal 2 | 425 nm | 360 nm | 1.7 |
| Metal 3 | 425 nm | 360 nm | 1.7 |
| Metal 4 | 718 nm | 570 nm | 1.6 |
| Metal 5 | 1.064 µm | 900 nm | 1.7 |
| Metal 6 | 1.143 µm | 1.2 µm | 2.1 |
S-spec
| Expand • Intel Pentium S-spec • >> |
|---|
Intel Xeon
Timeline
| Intro | Family | Process | µarch | Core Name | Core Count |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | Pentium II Xeon | 250 nm | P6 | Drake | 1 |
| 1999 | Pentium III Xeon | Tanner | 1 | ||
| 180 nm | Cascades | 1 | |||
| 2001 | Intel Xeon (2001) Intel Xeon (2002) Intel Xeon (2003) Intel Xeon (2004) Intel Xeon |
NetBurst | Foster | 1 | |
| 2002 | 130 nm | Prestonia | 1 | ||
| 2003 | Gallatin | 1 | |||
| 2004 | 90 nm | Nocona | 1 | ||
| 2005 | Irwindale | 1 | |||
| Paxville | 2 | ||||
| Potomac | 1 | ||||
| Cranford | 1 | ||||
| 2006 | 65 nm | Dempsey | 2 | ||
| Tulsa | 2 | ||||
| Modified Pentium M (MPM) |
Sossaman | 2 | |||
| Intel Core | Woodcrest | 2 | |||
| Conroe | 2 | ||||
| Clovertown | 4 | ||||
| 2007 | Allendale | 2 | |||
| Kentsfield | 4 | ||||
| Tigerton | 2 | ||||
| 45 nm | Penryn | Wolfdale | 2 | ||
| Harpertown | 4 | ||||
| 2008 | Yorkfield | 4 | |||
| Dunnington | 4, 6 | ||||
| 2009 | Nehalem | Lynnfield | 4 | ||
| Bloomfield | 2, 4 | ||||
| Gainestown | 2, 4 | ||||
| 2010 | Jasper Forest | 1, 2, 4 | |||
| Beckton | 4, 6, 8 | ||||
| 32 nm | Westmere | Clarkdale | 2 | ||
| Gulftown | 6 | ||||
| Westmere EP | 2, 4, 6 | ||||
| Intel Xeon E3 Intel Xeon E5 Intel Xeon E7 |
Westmere EX | 6, 8, 10 | |||
| 2011 | Sandy Bridge | Sandy Bridge | 2, 4 | ||
| 2012 | Sandy Bridge EN | 4, 6, 8 | |||
| Sandy Bridge EP | 4, 6, 8 | ||||
| Gladden | 4 | ||||
| 22 nm | Ivy Bridge | Ivy Bridge | 2, 4 | ||
| 2013 | Ivy Bridge EP | 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 | |||
| Gladden | 4 | ||||
| Haswell | Haswell WS | 2, 4 | |||
| 2014 | Ivy Bridge | Ivy Bridge EN | 4, 6, 8, 10 | ||
| Ivy Bridge EX | 12, 15 | ||||
| Haswell | Haswell EP | 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 | |||
| 2015 | Haswell EN | 4, 6, 8, 10 | |||
| Haswell EX | 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 | ||||
| 14 nm | Broadwell | Broadwell DE | 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 | ||
| Broadwell H | 4 | ||||
| Skylake | Skylake DT | 4 | |||
| 2016 | Skylake | Skylake H | 4 | ||
| Broadwell | Broadwell EP | 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 | |||
| Broadwell EX | 8, 10, 14, 16, 20, 22, 24 | ||||
| 2017 | Intel Xeon Bronze Intel Xeon Silver Intel Xeon Gold Intel Xeon Platinum |
Skylake (Server) | Skylake SP | 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 | |
| 2018 | Cascade Lake | Cascade Lake SP | 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 |
S-spec
- Intel Xeon D (15xx)
- Intel Xeon E (x1xx)
- Intel Xeon E3 (x5xx), E5 (x6xx), E7
- Intel Xeon Phi (7xxx)
- Intel Xeon W (21xx)
- Intel Xeon Bronze (3xxx)
- Intel Xeon Silver (4xxx)
- Intel Xeon Gold (5xxx/6xxx)
- Intel Xeon Platinum (8xxx)
| Expand • Intel Xeon S-spec • >> |
|---|
